Search results for "Units of measurement"
showing 7 items of 7 documents
P 042 - Gait complexity quantified using inertial measurement units in children with cerebral palsy
2018
Abstract Children with cerebral palsy (CP) have gait impairments, and their gait is affected by concurrent tasks. We used inertial measurement units (IMU) to quantify CP-related gait complexity alterations, and identify effects of dual tasks on gait variability from 12 children with CP and 23 typically developed (TD) controls. The data were collected for normal and dual-tasks (motor; carrying a tray, cognitive; word naming) during walking. Step duration and adjusted multiscale entropy (MSE) index were computed. In overall, children with CP had shorter step duration and greater gait complexity than TD. Gait complexity was higher in vertical direction during the cognitive than normal and moto…
Pattern recognition in cyclic and discrete skills performance from inertial measurement units
2014
The aim of this study is to compare and validate an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) relative to an optic system, and to propose methods for pattern recognition to capture behavioural dynamics during sport performance. IMU validation was conducted by comparing the motions of the two arms of a compass, which was equipped with IMUs and reflective landmarks detected by a multi-camera system. Spearman’s rank correlation tests showed good correlations between the IMU and multi-camera system, especially when the angles were normalized. Bland-Altman plot, root mean square and the normalized pairwise variability index showed low differences between the two systems, confirming the good accuracy level…
Feasibility studies for water reuse projects: an economical approach
2006
Usually the methodologies used to analyse the feasibility of water reuse projects are focused on the internal costs. The aim of this paper is to show a methodology to assess the feasibility of a water reuse project taking into account not just the internal impact, but also the external impact (environmental and social, for example) and the opportunity cost derived from the project. Internal benefit is obtained from the difference between internal income and internal costs. Internal income is obtained by multiplying the selling price of reclaimed water and the volume obtained. Internal costs are made up of the sum of investment costs, operating costs, financial costs and taxes. While some of…
The use of sonification for physiotherapy in human movement tasks: A scoping review
2020
Objectives: This review aims to: (1) map the use of sonification in human movement tasks for physical therapy; (2) identify methods of data capture, tasks and its effects on human subjects; (3) suggest future research directions. News: Sonification can be described as a technique to translate data into sound. It has been used for human motion analysis tasks even if it is not part of most physical therapist's lexicon. Prospects and projects: Identify and analyze publications where sonification was used as an audio-feedback technique for physical therapy. Thirty-five papers were included, 13 randomized-control-trials. Thirteen papers reported an investigation on a specific dysfunction, while …
Spectral identification of forced oscillation in PMU signal using mode decomposition
2018
This article gives a new method to identify the frequency of Forced Oscillation (FO) in phasor measurement units (PMUs) signals. The processing of the signal by Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) technique leads to effective detection with improvement in accuracy. After testing some improved versions of EMD, it is observed that ‘improved Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN-2014)’ is the best version to use in processing. The developed methodology is able to spot the frequency of FOs even if there exist multiple modes with mode mixing and multiple events. In such cases, self-coherence method fails to spot FO. Spectral analysis is conducted on the decom…
The Development and Precision of a Custom-Made Skitester
2021
In the sport of cross-country skiing, equipment has a direct influence on results. Ski teams do extensive testing of different ski base grinds and products on a yearly basis. To achieve reliable results, the quality of methods used for testing skis needs to be taken in to account in addition to factors including the physical characteristics of testing personnel and changes in weather conditions. The aim of this study was to introduce a custom-made skitester, that was developed for testing skis on real snow, in laboratory conditions, and to evaluate its precision. The current skitester is capable of glide testing both classic and skate skis as well as kick simulation for the testing of grip …
Words, clauses, sentences, and T-units in learner language: Precise and objective units of measure?
2020
In research on learner language complexity, accuracy and fluency (CAF), syntactic complexity is often studied with quantitative measures based on words, clauses, sentences, and T-units. The findings have been mixed, but segmenting learner language into these units of measure has seldom been problematised, even if the need for accurate coding is well known. The present study explores words, clauses, sentences, and T-units as production units in written learner language using a corpus of 352 L2 Finnish texts (28,813 words). The results illustrate how written learner language can be hard to fit into the production unit categories, which are essential for the most frequently used quantitative m…